Polonnaruwa: A Golden Age of Sri Lankan Civilization
Polonnaruwa rose to prominence following the decline of Anuradhapura, becoming the capital of Sri Lanka after King Vijayabahu I liberated the island from Chola rule. Under the reign of successive kings, Polonnaruwa flourished, solidifying its position as a center of power and prosperity.
The zenith of Polonnaruwa’s golden age arrived during the reign of King Parakramabahu I. A visionary ruler, he embarked on ambitious irrigation projects, culminating in the creation of the magnificent Parakrama Samudra, a vast reservoir that remains a testament to his engineering prowess. This feat of engineering revolutionized agriculture in the dry zone, ensuring the prosperity of the kingdom.
Polonnaruwa is renowned for its impressive architectural marvels. The ancient city, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, boasts a collection of captivating ruins, including the Polonnaruwa Vatadage, the Gal Vihara with its magnificent rock-cut Buddha statues, the Nissanka Latha Mandapaya, the Rankoth Vehera stupa, and the Hatadage relic chamber.
Exploring these ancient sites on foot or by bicycle provides a unique opportunity to immerse oneself in the grandeur of this bygone era. A visit to the Polonnaruwa Museum further enriches the experience, offering valuable insights into the history and legacy of this once-powerful kingdom.
The presence of playful toque macaques adds a touch of unexpected charm to the archaeological landscape, reminding visitors of the enduring connection between humans and wildlife.
